Hardware

CloudMouse SDK - Display Management System Implementation

Implementation of comprehensive display controller with event-driven UI management, hardware-accelerated sprite rendering, and integrated QR code generation capabilities.

Implementation Architecture:

• Event-driven state machine for responsive screen management
• PSRAM-buffered sprite rendering for flicker-free updates
• Modular screen rendering system for maintainable UI development
• Optimized animation timing for smooth visual feedback
• Memory-efficient resource management with automatic cleanup

Performance Optimizations:

• Hardware-accelerated SPI transfers (40MHz sustained)
• PSRAM utilization to preserve main RAM for application logic
• Selective redraw regions to minimize unnecessary updates
• Frame rate limiting to balance smoothness with CPU usage
• Event-driven updates to eliminate polling overhead

Integration Points:

• EventBus for inter-task communication and state synchronization
• QRCodeManager for dynamic QR code generation and rendering
• DeviceConfig for hardware-specific configuration values
• LGFX library for hardware-accelerated graphics operations

Display Management Controller

High-level display controller providing event-driven UI management with multiple screen states, smooth animations, and integrated QR code generation capabilities.

Architecture:

• Event-driven screen state machine with automatic transitions
• Hardware-accelerated sprite rendering with PSRAM buffering
• Modular screen rendering system for extensible UI development
• Integrated timing management for smooth animations and responsive updates

Memory Management:

• Uses PSRAM for large sprite buffer to preserve main RAM
• Automatic sprite allocation and cleanup in constructor/destructor
• Efficient color palette with predefined UI theme colors
• Memory-conscious rendering with selective update regions

Thread Safety:

• Designed for single UI task usage (typically Core1)
• Event processing is non-blocking with queue-based communication
• Sprite operations are inherently thread-safe when called from single task
• No shared mutable state across multiple tasks

CloudMouse SDK - Rotary Encoder Input Manager Implementation

Implementation of hardware-accelerated rotary encoder input processing with intelligent button press detection and event-driven architecture for reliable user interaction handling.

Implementation Details:

• PCNT hardware integration for rotation tracking without CPU interrupts
• State machine approach for button press detection with precise timing
• Event accumulation strategy for smooth movement reporting across update cycles
• Multi-threshold press detection for rich interaction vocabulary
• Consumption-based event model preventing duplicate processing

Performance Characteristics:

• Rotation tracking: Hardware PCNT with 0.25° resolution
• Button sampling: 50-100Hz recommended for responsive feel
• Memory usage: ~100 bytes RAM for state management
• CPU overhead: Minimal due to hardware acceleration

Timing Analysis:

• Click detection: < 500ms press duration
• Long press: 1000-2999ms with optional buzzer feedback
• Ultra-long press: >= 3000ms with immediate event trigger
• Debouncing: Handled by hardware pull-ups and state machine logic

Rotary Encoder Manager

Manages rotary encoder input with integrated button press detection. Provides event-driven interface with automatic state reset for reliable interaction handling.

Architecture:

• Hardware PCNT for precise rotation counting without CPU interrupts
• State machine for button press detection with timing analysis
• Event accumulation for smooth movement reporting across update cycles
• Multi-level press detection for rich interaction vocabulary

Thread Safety:

• Single-task usage recommended (typically main/core task)
• State variables are not protected by mutexes
• Event consumption is atomic at method call level

Update Frequency:

• Call update() every 10-20ms for responsive feel
• Higher frequencies improve button responsiveness
• Lower frequencies may miss rapid encoder movements

CloudMouse SDK - LED Animation Manager Implementation

Implementation of the LED animation system with thread-safe event handling and smooth animation effects for the NeoPixel LED ring.